Wonderful thoughts: Can "shared manufacturing" become a reality?

On October 29, 2019, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Guidance on Accelerating the Cultivation of New Shared Manufacturing Models and New Business Forms to Promote the High-Quality Development of the Manufacturing Industry." The opinions pointed out that shared manufacturing is an inevitable requirement to comply with the development trend of the integration of new generation information technology and manufacturing industry and to cultivate and expand new momentum. It is an important measure to optimize resource allocation, improve output efficiency, and promote high-quality development of manufacturing industry. By 2022, 20 shared manufacturing demonstration platforms with strong innovation capabilities and great industry influence will be formed; 50 shared manufacturing demonstration projects with good development prospects and strong driving effects will be promoted and supported; by 2025, the development of shared manufacturing will reach a new level.

So, what is shared manufacturing? Simply put, shared manufacturing is a manufacturing model based on the sharing economy, which matches and shares idle resources in the manufacturing industry.

For example, small companies cannot afford high-value production equipment, and the equipment of large companies happens to be idle, so large companies open the equipment to small companies for use, which is shared manufacturing.

Of course, shared manufacturing is not limited to this model. In the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Cultivation of New Models and New Business Formats of Shared Manufacturing and Promoting the High-Quality Development of the Manufacturing Industry" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on October 29, it was pointed out that shared manufacturing is mainly divided into three major contents:

The first is manufacturing capacity sharing, which mainly includes the sharing of manufacturing resources such as production equipment, special tools, and production lines.

The second is the sharing of innovation capabilities, which mainly includes the sharing of intellectual resources such as product design and development capabilities, as well as the sharing of scientific research instruments and equipment and experimental capabilities.

The third is service capability sharing, which mainly focuses on common service needs common among enterprises such as logistics warehousing, product testing, equipment maintenance, factory inspection, supply chain management, data storage and analysis, etc. shared.

The sharing of production equipment between enterprises we just talked about refers to the sharing of manufacturing capabilities.

For example, the open source of the industrial Internet is the sharing of innovation capabilities.

Compare againFor example, the cloud computing concept of "decentralized resources are used intensively, and centralized resources are used decentralized services" is the sharing of service capabilities.

In short, shared manufacturing is to rationalize and optimize the supply and demand matching of idle equipment, technology and talents in the manufacturing industry by breaking industry barriers and opening up industry information asymmetry.

The advantages brought by this model are also obvious.

Afterwards, it will help improve the flexibility and flexibility of industrial organizations, promote the integrated development of large and medium-sized enterprises, promote the extension of product manufacturing to services, improve the level of the industrial chain, and accelerate Moving into the value chain.

At present, my country has many successful examples of shared manufacturing.

For example, the "Shared Factory" in Yanluo Street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen, is a group of small and micro enterprises, makers, and craftsmen who are united in the name of "shared manufacturing" and share the factory building. , equipment, raw materials, orders and even workers. In the past three years, this model has not only revived a number of small and micro enterprises that were on the verge of bankruptcy, but also achieved a significant reduction in personnel and a substantial increase in efficiency, demonstrating its tenacious vitality.

Of course, this kind of successful case is only on a small scale. Although shared manufacturing has many advantages, it still faces many problems if it is to be truly implemented on a large scale.

At present, many enterprises and institutions with idle production resources or scientific research instruments and equipment are unwilling to open and share them with small and medium-sized enterprises due to institutional reasons. Under the traditional manufacturing model, a standard trust system with physical factories as the core has been formed. However, the shared manufacturing model is still far from perfect in terms of credit evaluation, product standards, production specifications, etc. due to its characteristics of multi-agent collaboration and virtualized manufacturing.

At the same time, a considerable number of enterprises and departments have insufficient understanding of manufacturing capacity sharing, and some enterprises do not fully understand production capacity sharing. They often regard Internet platforms as simple trading platforms, resulting in The internal dynamics of enterprises participating in capacity sharingInsufficient strength.

Therefore, there is still a long way to go before truly realizing shared manufacturing. In this regard, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology pointed out in its opinions that the realization of shared manufacturing must start from four aspects: platform, cluster, ecology and foundation:

1. Cultivate shared manufacturing platforms and actively promote platform construction, Encourage innovative applications of platforms and promote platform evolution and upgrading;

2. Rely on industrial clusters to develop shared manufacturing, explore the construction of shared factories, support the development of public technology centers, and actively promote the sharing of service capabilities;

3. Improve the development ecology of shared manufacturing, innovate resource sharing mechanisms, promote the construction of credit systems, and optimize and improve the standard system; 4. Consolidate the digitalization of shared manufacturing development foundation, improve the digitalization level of enterprises, promote the construction of new infrastructure, and strengthen network security.

　(Original title: Can "shared manufacturing" become a reality?)